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What is Karate? Origins of Shotokan Karate
What is Karate?
Karate is a traditional Japanese martial art that focuses on self-defence through the disciplined use of strikes, blocks, and evasive techniques. Meaning "empty hand" in Japanese, karate emphasises the use of the body as a weapon without relying on tools or weapons. Practitioners (karateka) develop strength, speed, balance, and spirit through rigorous training that includes kihon (basic techniques), kata (forms), and kumite (sparring). More than just physical combat, karate is also a way of cultivating character, promoting respect, humility, and perseverance both inside and outside the dojo.
The Origins of Karate
Karate traces its roots to the Ryukyu Kingdom, particularly the island of Okinawa, in what is now modern-day Japan. Okinawan martial arts were heavily influenced by indigenous fighting styles, collectively known as "te" (meaning "hand"), and Chinese martial arts brought over through cultural exchanges. Over centuries, Okinawan practitioners blended native techniques with Chinese Kenpo to create an effective and sophisticated system of self-defence. This evolution of combat methods eventually formalised into the art known today as karate.
Karate's Migration to Mainland Japan
In the early 20th century, karate made its way from Okinawa to mainland Japan. One of the key figures in this transition was Gichin Funakoshi, an Okinawan schoolteacher and martial artist. In 1922, Funakoshi was invited to demonstrate karate at the First National Athletic Exhibition in Tokyo, organised by the Ministry of Education. His performance captivated Japanese audiences and government officials, leading to a growing interest in the art. Over the following years, Funakoshi remained in Tokyo, adapting and systematising karate to align with the Japanese educational system. Through his efforts, karate was introduced into universities and spread rapidly throughout Japan.
The Origins of Shotokan Karate
Shotokan Karate was founded by Gichin Funakoshi, widely considered the "Father of Modern Karate." The name "Shotokan" derives from "Shoto," Funakoshi's pen name, meaning "waving pines," and "kan," meaning "hall" or "building." Thus, "Shotokan" translates to "Shoto's Hall." Funakoshi established the first official Shotokan dojo in Tokyo in 1936.
Shotokan is characterised by deep, long stances, powerful linear techniques, and an emphasis on kihon, kata, and kumite as a means of holistic development. The style prioritises precision, control, and mental discipline, embodying the principle that karate is ultimately about character development rather than aggression. Today, Shotokan Karate remains one of the most widely practised and respected styles worldwide, continuing Funakoshi's legacy of "karate-do" — the "way of the empty hand."
Masatoshi Nakayama and the Evolution of Shotokan
One of Gichin Funakoshi's most dedicated students, Masatoshi Nakayama, played a crucial role in further developing and promoting Shotokan Karate after Funakoshi's passing. Nakayama Sensei was instrumental in systematising karate training methods, introducing structured kumite formats, and helping to spread karate internationally through the Japan Karate Association (JKA). His leadership modernised the practice of Shotokan while maintaining its traditional spirit, creating a strong technical foundation that is still followed worldwide.
Hitoshi Kasuya's Connection to Funakoshi and Nakayama
Hitoshi Kasuya, one of the world's leading Shotokan masters and the Chief Instructor of the World Shotokan Karate-Do Federation (WSKF), traces his karate lineage directly through Gichin Funakoshi and Masatoshi Nakayama. Kasuya Sensei trained under Nakayama Sensei during his formative years, learning both the traditional principles taught by Funakoshi and the refined methods developed by Nakayama. Through decades of dedicated practice and teaching, Kasuya Sensei has become a key figure in preserving and evolving Funakoshi's and Nakayama's teachings for modern generations. His emphasis on dynamic movement, correct technique, and the spirit of continuous improvement echoes the values originally instilled by Funakoshi and carried forward by Nakayama.
Sensei Dion's Journey in Traditional Karate
Sensei Dion, a dedicated practitioner and instructor, has personally trained under the legendary Masatoshi Nakayama and, in later years, under Hitoshi Kasuya. Throughout his karate journey, he has also had the privilege of learning from many other renowned Japanese masters. Sensei Dion's extensive training ensures a deep and authentic connection to the traditional teachings of Shotokan Karate, maintaining the lineage, spirit, and technical excellence passed down from Funakoshi through Nakayama and Kasuya to today's generation of karateka.